Topical Drug Formulations for Prolonged Corneal Anesthesia

Topical formulations of novel angiostatic steroids inhibit rabbit corneal neovascularization.

PURPOSE To evaluate the antiangiogenic potential of topical ophthalmic formulations of the novel angiostatic steroids AL-3789 and AL-4940, using a rabbit model of corneal neovascularization. METHODS Neovascularization was induced in the rabbit cornea by surgical implantation of a standard ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Elvax-40) pellet containing 1 microg lipopolysaccharide. Coded formulat...

Corneal Anesthesia With Site 1 Sodium Channel Blockers and Dexmedetomidine.

PURPOSE Amino-amide or amino-ester local anesthetics, which are currently used for topical ocular anesthesia, are short acting and may delay corneal healing with long-term use. In contrast, site 1 sodium channel blockers (S1SCBs) are potent local anesthetics with minimal adverse tissue reaction. In this study, we examined topical local anesthesia with two S1SCBs, tetrodotoxin (TTX) or saxitoxin...

Polysaccharides as Excipients for Ocular Topical Formulations

Lidocaine topical anesthesia for flexible bronchoscopy.

965 percent decrease in resistance in an airway in which the wall area was 45 percent. Since an increase in airway wall thickness is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms that leads to the decrease in maximal expiratory flow in patients who have COPD,2 it would be expected that those patients with more severe baseline airflow obstruction would have thicker airway walls. Thus, another explanation f...

Topical bevacizumab therapy for corneal neovascularization.

Angiogenesis has been defined as the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vascular structures. Corneal neovascularization (NV) occurs when the balance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors shifts toward angiogenic factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been found to be a significant angiogenic factor in corneal NV in human and animal models. Therapy specifical...